Sound recording and reproducing machine



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IN VEN'IOR.

March 1947- J. M. KUHLIK SOUND RECORDING AND REPRODUCING MA CHINE Original Filed June 14, 1940 I5 Sheets-Sheet 2 III. 1

March 18, 1947. J, KUHLlK I 2,417,651

SOUND RECORDING AND RBPRODUGIHG CHINE Original Filed June 14, 1940 3 Shoots-Shoot 3 Mm. l i947 SOUND RECORDING AND BEPRODUCING MAE Jacob Miles Kuhllk, Brooklyn, N. Y., asslgnor to Battle B. Kuhlik, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Original application June 14, 1946, Serial No. 340,447. Divided and this application July 4, 1942, Serial No. 449,710

7 Claims.

This invention relates to sound recording and reproducing machines having a strip of film and is a division of my application Serial Number 340,447, filed June 14, 1940.

A primary object of my invention is to provide such a. machine that is simple and inexpensive to manufacture and compact in structure.

Another object is to provide such a machine 2 Fig. 7 is a detail view showing the mechanism for indicating the position of the stylus transversely of the film when retracing a line previously cut by the stylus.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged detail view of the actuating mechanism for the clutch device on the main drive shaft.

with mean for driving its strip of film without the need of sprocket wheels for engaging perforations in the film.

Another object is to provide such a machine with visible means for indicating the position of the stylus transversely of the film when recording.

Another object is to provide such a machine with separate visible means for indicating the position of the stylus transversely of the film when said stylus is retracing a line or track previously cut by the stylus.

Another" object is to provide visible means for indicating the location of the stylus longitudinally of the dim.

Still another object is to provide means for readily rewinding the film. v

other object is to provide means for posigelling the stylus on any desired tract on the Another object is to provide means for adjusting the pressure of the stylus on the film for recording or reproducing purposes.

Another object is to provide means for automatically stopping the movement of the film.

Another object is to provide such a machine with an imperforate strip of film thereby preventing the weakening of such strip along its edges by perforations and preventing the necessity of sprocket drive wheels.

The foregoing. and other objects and advantages of my invention will be better understood from the description thereof to follow taken in connection with the accompanying drawlngl in which-- Fig. 1 is a front view of a sound recording and reproducing machine embodying my invention, parts being shown in section and parts being shown removed for the sake of clearness.

Fig. 2 is stop plan view of the machine of Fig. l with the top or cover of. the casing removed.

Fig. 3 is a view thereof with the wall of the casing removed, with some of the parts in section and some shown in dotted lines.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary detail view showing the main drive shaft and associated parts.

Fig. 5 i g fragmentary detail view showing the recording and reproducing head and mechanism for adJusting the pressure of the stylus on the m. 7

Fig. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary detail view of a bell crank and associated part: for actuating the clutch slide.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged detail view of the mechanism for moving the recording and reproducing head transversely of the iilm with modified means for permitting free movement of the said head along its mounting shaft.

Fig, 10 is a detail view of the mechanism of Fig. 9 looking from the left.

Fig. 11 is an enlarged detail view of the mechanism for holding the recording and reproducing head and stylus in adjusted position.

Fig. 12 is an enlarged fragmentary detail view of the mechanism for visibly indicating the position of the stylus transversely of the min when recording.

The improved machine as shown is of the portable type and may be housed in a box like casing I00 having a hinged front door ill and a hinged cover lid portion Ill. The casing is provided with a rear wall or panel 222, an intermediate wall or panel 2a spaced forwardly thereof and a, front panel 2c extending downwardly from the top of the casing to a point Just above the middle thereof. The panels 2a and 2b are supported on a base in on the bottom wall of the casing. and these panels support the various mechanisms of the machine.

Rotatably mounted in suitable bearings in supporting walls to and it at one side of the casing is a shaft or spindle I" and removably mounted on the outer end thereof is a supply reel 8 I a, and

rotatably supported in similar fashion on the other side is a shaft or spindle I for removably mounting a receiving or take-up reel 280. A. strip of film III is carried by the supply reel ,die and is adapted to be taken up by the receiving reel 2m. This film is of a width as ordinarily used in such machines and may for example be 500 feet long or any desired length. It is however without any perforations on the side edges as is customary. It passes in its forward movement from the supply reel 3 la upwardly and over a flanged roller 20! supported on a stud on the wall to and over a guide block or base "I supported on the wall 2a above the roller 1". From the base III the film passes forwardly over a rubber-faced pressure drive roller 2 and then rearwardly over a pressure roller 2|! mounted on a stud on the front of wall 20 below and rearwardly of the roller 203 in the direction of the travel of the film and from the roller 2" it trave to and over the receiving reel 26c.

A head member 202, containing electromagnetic means for converting varying electrical recording point which is adapted to cut a groove in the film as the film is moved past the same in its forward travel. This head is adapted to be moved transversely to the motion of the film in graduated steps in order that a large number of closely spaced grooves or lines may be recorded on a single strip of film. Movement of the stylus is controlled by the mechanism included in the head 202.

The mechanism for moving the film along its path includes a motor M bolted to the rear of the supporting wall 2b and which is suitably connected to a source of electro motive force (not shown). The motor frame is provided with an extension frame I01 and supported in said frame and operatively connected to the motor shaft is a governor device I08 and mounted on the motor shaft between the motor and governor is a brake disk I00.

Operatively connected to the motor shaft is a shaft or spindle 206 which is supported by a bearing member 201 in the wall 217 and extends forwardly to a point near the forward wall 2a. Supported in alignment with shaft 206, in an elongated conical shaped bearing member 200 in the wall 2a, is a driven shaft or spindle 209,

the inner end of which is positioned close to the outer end of shaft 206 and is slotted as indicated at 206. A disk or collar 2l0 is fastened to the outer end of a sleeve member 2 which is slidably mounted on the outer end of the shaft 206. The sleeve 2 is formed with opposite elongated slots for cooperating with a pin 2| I fastened to and protruding through shaft 206 by which the sleeve is rotated with the shaft 206 but is permitted to slide along it. A clutch pin 2i2 is carried by the collar H0 and extends through and across the slidable sleeve 2 for coaction with the edge walls of the slot 206' in shaft 209, for operatively connecting the'shafts 200 and 209.

Slidably and loosely mounted on the shaft 206, adjacent the inner end of the sleeve is a sprocket wheel 2 having a grooved hub portion with a pin 2 extending outwardly therefrom and parallel to the shaft 206. A pin 2H5 protrudes on both sides of the shaft 206 at a point adjacent said sprocket wheel 2|: in a position to be engaged by the pin 2 in order to carry the wheel around with the shaft 206.

And slidably and loosely mounted on the shaft 206 adjacent said pin 2i5 is a grooved pulley 211 having a pin 2l0 protruding from its face toward the pin M6 and adapted to be moved into engagement with said pin to operatively connect the pulley with the shaft 206.

The mechanism for sliding these various devices into operative connection with the shaft 206 includes a sliding carriage 220 slidably mounted on a rod 22I fastened to walls 211 and 2b. Depending from the carriage at its end adjacent wall 2a is a forked arm 220', the fork portions of which straddle collar 2l0. Midway the length of the carriage an arm 220" is fastened thereto and depends therefrom and protrudes into the groove in the hub of socket wheel 213. On the other end of the carriage is another forked arm 22012, the forked portions 0! 4 which straddle the pulley 2". By reason of this construction. when the carriage 220 moves, the collar, sprocket wheel and pulley move simultaneously with it. These parts are shown in neutral position in Fig. 8. When the carriage is moved to the left as shown in Fig. 4 the collar 2l0 with its clutch pin H2 is moved away from driven shaft 209 and the shaft 200 is disconnected from the drive shaft 206. At the same time, the sprocket wheel 2l3 is moved to bring its pin 2 into engagement with pin 2l5 on the shaft 206 so as to drive the wheel around with shaft 206. The pulley 2" with its pin 2l8 is simultaneously moved away from operative position with pin 2 l5.

When the carriage is moved to the right, the collar is moved to bring its clutch pin 2I2 into the slot 209 in driven shaft 209 to connect it with shaft 206, and at the same time sprocket wheel 2l3 with its pin is moved out of engagement with pin H5, and the pulley 2" with its pin 2"; is moved into engagement with said pin 2H5 in order to drive the pulley around with s aft 206.

The mechanism for moving the head 202 transversely of the film includes a bar or shaft 222 rotatably mounted in suitable hearings in walls 2a and 20. This shaft is provided with external screw threads from its rear end to a point remote from the wall 20. A carriage member 223 formed with a central opening with internal screw threads is mounted on said shaft 50 that the threads of said opening engage the threads on the shaft. Rotation of the shaft 222 will move the carriage with its head 202 along said shaft as will be understood The carriage 223 is so mounted on the shaft 222 that it is adapted to be swung in a vertical plane in order to relieve the pressure of the stylus upon the film, and the mechanism for this purpose is operatively connected to the mechanism for actuating the carriage for moving the collar 2I0, sprocket wheel H8 and pulley 2". It includes a flat spring bar or plate 224, one end of which is fastened to the top of the carriage 223 and the other end of which is free and extends outwardly of and away from said carriage, and is adapted to coact with said actuating mechanism as will be presently described.

The mechanism for actuating said carriage 220 consists of a shaft 225 journalled in hearings in the walls 2a and 20 near the top thereof and to one side of the casin I00 and disposed parallel to shaft 222. Fastened to the inner end of shaft 226, on the rear of the wall 2a, is an upstanding arm member 226. An elongated bar or lever member 221 has a pin and slot connection with arm 226 at one end and a pivotal connection with the short arm of a bell crank 228 pivotally supported by a bracket 229 which is secured to the wall 2a adjacent the head 202. The long arm of the bell crank is pivotally connected to one end of a lever arm 230, the other end of the lever 230 being connected to an upstanding post or stud 23! fastened to the carriage 220. Also fastened to the shaft 225 near its inner end but on the opposite or forward side of the wall 2a is an upstanding detent arm 233 having a tubular bearing portion or socket 233' formed at its upper end and disposed close to the front surface of wall 2:: for receiving a spring pressed pin or plunger 2331:, the protruding end of which is adapted to be pressed against the surface of said wall. The wall surface at this point is formed with spaced depressions 234 arranged in an arc and adapted to receive the protruding end of the plunger to hold the arm 233 in adjusted position. A finger knob 233 provided with a pointer is secured to the outer end of shaft 225 for rotating said shaft. Secured to the shaft 22! adjacent the arm 23-3 is a disc member 233 provided with a U-shaped notch 231, the disc being so arranged relative to the carriage 223 on shaft 222 that the projecting free end of the spring bar 224 is positioned within the notch 231 as seen in Fig. 5. "The end of the bar 224 is adapted to assume four dififerent positions in the notch 231 which positions may be indicated by the letters a, "b," "c and "d" on a scale Z on the face of front panel 2c and arranged in an arc to conform to the swing of the pointer 233 as will be seen from Fig. 5. Instead of the letters here shown any desired descriptive or arbitrary indicia may be used as will be understood. The depressions 234 in plate 2:: conform in number and spacing with the letters indicating the positions of the bar and head 202.

By turning the knob 23! on the outer end of the shaft 225 the slide carriage 220, through the interconnection between the upstanding arm 226 and stud BI, is adapted to be moved to the right or left as viewed in Figs. 3 and 4. When moved to the right to the position of Fig. 4, the drive shaft 203 driven by the motor and the driven shaft 203 are clutched together by the clutch pin 2l2 to rotate the drive feed roller 203 to move the film forward from supply reel lie to receiving reel 20a as viewed in Fig. 1. The pulley 2| I is shifted so that its pin 2I8 engages pin 2; on shaft 200 so as to drive said pulley and compensating spring belt 205 for driving the pulley I03, on shaft I04 and through it the receiving reel 28a. The spring belt 205 compensates for any diiIerence in the speeds of the roller 203 and reel 23a. This is the position of the parts for moving the film forward for recording. When the parts ar in this position,

the disc 230 will have been moved around so that the lower edge of the wall of notch 23'! will engage the free end of the flat spring bar 224 and lift the same upwardly to exert a maximum pressure on the head 202 and the stylus to supply the necessary pressure for making impressions or tracks upon the film for recording purposes. This is the recording position and is indicated on the scale Z as "11, but it may be indicated by the letter R" for recording or any other suitable indicia might be used.

When the carriage 220 is moved to the left, the collar 2I0 with its clutch pin 2I2 is moved away from the drive shaft 203 and said shaft is disengaged from the drive shaft 200. At the same time, the pulley 2" with its pin 2I8 is moved away from the pin 2I5, and the sprocket wheel 2I3 with its pin 2I4 is shifted into engagement with the pin 2I-5. In this position, the sprocket wheel 2I3 is rotated with shaft 206 and through the chain 2I3 rotates the wheel III! on shaft I03 to rotate the supply reel 3Ia. This is the rewind positionfor moving the film from the receiving reel 26a to the supply reel 3Ia to rewind the film on to said supply reel. This rewind position is indicated on the scale Z as d.

In moving the carriage to this rewind position, the shaft 223 is rocked and the disk 233 moved clockwise as shown in Fig. 5 so that the outer edge of the upper wall of notch 231 will have engaged the free end of the bar 224 and pressed the same downwardly to exert a pressure on the carriage on the left side of the shaft 222 26a to the supply reel 3ia for rewinding. In

this position of the parts the pointer will be pointing to "d" on the scale.

When the disc 236 is movedclockwise as seen in "Fig; 5 so that the bottom of the notch 23! moves downwardly and the pointer points to b" on the scale, while the spring bar 224 still touches the bottom wall of the notch, the pressure on said bar is relieved and consequently the pressure on the head 202 and its stylus so that only the dead weight of the head and carriage is exerted on the stylus sufficient to keep the stylus in position in the groove cut in the film and touching the walls thereof for reproducing or play-back. This is the reproducing or play-back position of the parts. a

When the shaft is rocked so that the pointer of the knob turns to the position c on the scale, the walls of the notch 23'! in disk 235 will have been moved free of the end of the spring bar 224 so that said end is positioned between the two walls. When the bar and disk are thus positioned, the carriage 223 may be swung slightly and the head and stylus lifted sufficiently to permit the stylus to be removed and replaced. This may be called the neutral position of the parts.

The parts may be moved to these various positions without moving the carriage 220 by reason of the lost motion connection between lever 22! and arm 225.

An important feature of my present invention is the means for indicating the position of the stylus transversely of the film when recording. This mechanism is shown in detail in Fig. 12 and includes the worm threads 238 formed on the shaft 222 adjacent its outer end, said outer end supporting a finger knob 235a for actuating the shaft and formed with a pointer. Spaced shafts 240 and 242 formed with cylindrical body portions or spools having radial sprockets at their bottom ends are rotatably mounted on brackets on the inner surface of front panel 20. On the bottom end of shaft 240 is a worm gear 233 disposed so as to be in continuous mesh with the threads 233 of shaft 222 and adapted to be moved thereby. Supported on the cylindrical body portions and movable therearound by the sprockets thereon is an endless strip of tape 2 perforated at its bottom edge to engage the sprockets. This tape bears spaced numerals, for instance, from 1" to "40 to indicate the number of spaced tracks or grooves cut or capable of being cut on the film from edge to edge thereof. Rotation of the shaft 222 by the knob 235 one complete turn moves the head .with its stylus one step or space along the shaft, and as the shaft is turned to so move the head one space the worm gear 239 moves the shaft to correspondingly move the endless tape one point or numeral to the front of the pointer. The first groove nearest one edge of the film is numbered 1" on the endless tape and the succeeding grooves are successively numbered on the tape as will be understood. A window 243 is formed in the front panel 20 in order to expose the tape 50 that the operator can see at a glance on which track or groove the stylus is positioned.

The mechanism for indicating the position of the stylus longitudinally of the film includes, in addition to the driven shaft 209 and drive roller 203, a sprocket device 244 carried by the roller 203. A chain 243 is driven by this sprocket 244 whichinturndrivesa end thereof is a miter gear 241. Mounted on the inside of the panel 20 is a meter or counting device M8, which in the present cm registers footage. This counting device is operatively connected to the gear 241 by a shaft 248' with a gear on its end meshing with said gear 2". The film I! is suitably marked at spaced intervals therealong, with identification marks, for indicating the various spaces or zones therealong. For instance it may be marked at every foot of its length with a number, starting at one end thereof with the number "1" and numbering the spaces consecutively up to, for instance, "500" if the film is that long. Other identification marks may be used of course, such as, the letters of the alphabet. The counting device will of course be preset to correspond with the correct mark on the film so that the mark or number, for instance, as it passes under the stylus will be registere on the counting device. A window 248 is formed in the panel for viewing the counting device in order to give the operator 8. chance to see what particular section or zone of the film is being operated upon by the stylus. This greatly facilitates the reproducing of the recorded matter on any particular zone or section desired.

It is often desirable to indicate the position of the stylus on the film transversely thereof independently of the indicating mechanism shown in Fig. l2 when the stylus is retracing a track or groove previously cut on the film, The means for accomplishing this is shown in detail in Fig. 7-

and includes a bracket 150' on the inner surface of front panel Io for plvotally supporting a movable pointer member f. Supported on the wall is and panel 20 and extending therebetween is.

a fixed scale 262 bearing numbers from 0" to 40"to indicate the number of grooves cut on the film from edge to edBe. It is so positioned that the pointer moves across its surface and points to said numerals, during its movement. The pointer is formed with a rear curved arm which is in engagement with the side wall of carriage 223 and held in such engagin position by a s ring 253 so that as the carriage moves along the shaft 222 it forces the arm ahead of it which turns the pointer on its pivot to move its outer free end across the scale. For example, if the carriage with its head and stylus is manually moved to 8 track and then subsequently to restore the head and stylus to its former position on the recording track. In this modified structure, the carriage 223 which carries the head 202 and stylus is provided with an opening for receiving shaft 222, which opening is free from internal threads to permit the carriage to move along the shaft 222 freely of the external threads thereon. Pivotally secured to one side of the carriage however is an arm or lever member 222 which is provided with an internally screw threaded curved portion for engagement with the threads on the shaft. A curved spring 222a holds the arm in engagement with the shaft whereby the carriage moves along the shaft controlled by the engaging threads. When it is desired to move the head and stylus to a track previously impressed or cut, the pivotal I The carriage 223 is adapted to move freely in groove or track I, the pointer will be moved and point to "5" on the scale.

Means are also provided for controlling the speed of the motor M. For this p se a shaft 234 is Journalled in walls 2a and 2b. On the inner end of the shaft is fastened a cam device 255 which is in operative engagement with a pivoted lever or arm in which is adapted to engage the braking disc I09 on the motor shaft to control the speed thereof. A finger knob 25! is mounted on the outer end of the shaft 25 to actuate the same.

An amplifier, the tubes only of which are shown atically at 258 in Fig.'3, and a loud speaker 25!, mounted on panel to, are operatively connected to the recording and reproducing head as will be understood.

In Figs. 9 and 10, I have shown modified structure for permitting the recording and reproduceither direction on the shaft 222 and during such movement forces the pivoted or movable pointer 25! along the scale. If it is desired to reproduce matter on track "15 for instance, the carriage is moved along the shaft to move pointer 25! to "15 on the scale. The arm 222' is then returned to the shaft 222 to hold the head on track 15. When the play-back has been finished on track "15:? the head and stylus can be again moved .along the shaft to the desired track indicated on the tape 2 in order to finish the recording on that particular track.

I claim:

1. In a recording and reproducing machine. a recording and reproducing head, a stylus operatively connected thereto and supported thereby, a traveling fllm adapted to be engaged by said stylus for cutting a groove thereon, a support for said head and stylus including a carriage movably mounted to position said stylus at a plu-- rality of different transverse positions relative to the path of movement of said film, said carriage having a central opening, an externally screw threaded shaft extending freely through said opening and an arm member hingedly mounted on said carriage and having an arcuate-shaped internal screw threaded bearing portion adapted to be moved into engagement with the threads on said shaft for step by step movement of the carriage and adapted to be moved away from said shaft to permit the carriage to move freely on the shaft.

2. In a recording and reproducing machine, a recording and reproducing head, a stylus operatively connected thereto and supported thereby, a traveling film adapted to be engaged by said stylus for cutting a groove thereon, a support for said head and stylus including a carriage movably mountedto position said stylus at a plurality of different transverse positions relative to the path of movement of said film, said carriage having a central opening, an externally screw threaded shaft extending freely through said opening and means in common for selectively moving said carriage along said shaft in a controlled step by step movement and for moving said carriage freely along said shaft including an arm member pivotally moimted on said carrinse and having an internal screw threaded arcuate-shaped bearing portion adapted to be moved into engagement with the threads on said shaft for step by step movement of the carriage and adapted to be moved away from said shaft to permit the carriage to move freely on the shaft and a bowedspring on the carriage for film, means for moving said carriage including a manually actuated screw threaded shaft and means for indicating the position of the stylus transversely of the film including an endless tape having indicia thereon, rotatabie members for movabiy supporting said endless tape, means for moving said rotatable members whereby said tape is moved a distance tocorrespond to the movement of the carriage includlnga worm and gear connection'between said shaft-"and one of said rotatable members and apointer-on-the end of said. shaft for coaction with said-indicia and independent means for indicating the position of the stylus transverse of the dim whenthe stylus isretracingatrack. v; I v

4. In a recording and reproducing machine; the combination withfa traveling him, a recording and reproducing head, a stylus supportedbyf' said head, a support for said head and stylus including a carriage movably mounted to position said stylus at a plurality of different transverse positions relative to the path of movement wall; of notch are adapted to engage the free end of said spring bar for moving the head toward and away from the him to adjust the pressure of th stylus thereon.

6. In a recording and reproducing machine, a traveling film; a, recording and reproducing'head, a stylus operatively connected to and supported by said head, a support for said head and stylus comprising a carriage movably mounted to position said stylus at a plurality of different transverse positions relative to the path of movement of the film for impressing a plurality of spaced grooves on said film, mechanism for adjusting the pressure of said stylus on said film including a spring bar having one end secured to said carriage and having its other end extending freely outwardly therefrom, a disk rotatably supported adjacent the free end of said spring bar, said disk having a notch formed in its periphery and adapted to receive the free end of said spring bar, means for rotating said disk whereby the walls of said notch ar adapted to engage the free end of said spring bar tor moving the head toward and away from the film to adjust the pressure of the stylus thereon and means for holding the head in adjusted position.

7. In a recording and reproducing machine, a

casing, a traveling film, a recording and reproducing head, a stylus operatively connected) 3 and supported by said head, a support for said .,head andstylus comprising a carriage movably gnrourlted to position said stylus at a plurality of diflere'nt transverse positions relative to the path ofgmovement hi the film for impressing a pin-- gality pf spaced grooves on said film, a rockable shaft supported by a wall of said casing. means for making said shaft, mechanism for adjusting the pressure of said stylus on said film including a spring bar having one end secured to said carof the film for impressing a plurality of grooves 40 and end extending freely on said film, means for moving said carriage in- -v eluding a manually operated screw threaded shaft, means for indicating the position of the stylus transversely of the filmv whenrecording;

means independent of said first named indicating means for positioning the stylus in any selected having spaced numbers corresponding to; the

pivoted arm in" engagement with the shaft. I

outward-lytherefrom, a disk fastened to said rock- 'able shaftgtsaid disk having a notch formed in its periphery and adapted to receive the free end of said spring: bar whereby the walls thereof are adaptedtoj engage said'end of the bar for moving the "head toward or away from the him to adjust V, .the :or'e'saneortne stylus thereupon and meansgrwvei lmmimmg means including 1 for holding the head in adjusted position including an upstanding armon said rockable shaft Gd! jacent a fixed,portion of said casing wall, said wall portion having spaced depressions and a spring pressed pinsupported on the end of said upstanding arm for engaging in said depressions tohold thedisk against movement.

55. by said carriage and a spring forholding saida 5. In a recording and reproducing machine, a

traveling fllni,a'recording-and reproducing head, a stylus operatively connected to and supported comprising a carriage movably mounted to position said stylus 'at a plurality of different trans-Q adjacent the free end of said spring bar, said disk to by said head, a support for said-head and stylus f earrin s Number 9. Name I Date a 2,087,135 I wielager"..- July 13, 193'! 3,088,451 Thomas July 27, 1937 2,173,048 Madaler et ai. v Sept. 12, 1939 2,191,691 Woolf Feb. 27, 1940 2,253,302 Kiel Aug. 19, 1941 2,237,738 Kuhilk Apr. 8, 1941 2,328,597 W00]! 4...... "Sept. 7, 1943 2,259,631 Flood, Jr. Oct. 21, 1941 1 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date having a notch formedin its periphery and adapted to receive the free end of said spring bar and means for rotating said disk whereby the v, I iosconmmnsxonrm.

, f nnrnnnncns crrnn The renown; references-are ofrecord in the flle of thispatent: i

1 327,397 British M81. 28, 1930 

